A STUDY ON ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTY OF HERBAL-BIOPOLYMER NANOENCAPSULATE TREATED FABRIC

The present study deals with the eco friendly antibacterial finish that has been integrated into bamboo/cotton woven treated fabric in the form of nanocapsules using ethanolic terminalia chebula, Rosmarinus officinalis and Opuntia littoralis (2:1:2) ratio and Chitosan biopolymer extracts  by exhaust method in order to reduce the bacterial growth on the fabric. This herbals-biopolymer extract was evaluated for activity against medically challenging bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The in-vitro antibacteria were performed by AATCC 147 for the treated nanoencapsule coated sample. Then the coated sample was analyzed for morphology using FTIR, FESEM and Cytotoxicity test. Thus the study supports the concept of nano encapsulation providing better additional properties to bamboo/cotton fabric and the application of nanotechnology is one of the supreme ways for humanizing the antibacterial activity

Living Bacterial Sacrificial Porogens to Engineer Decellularized Porous Scaffolds

Decellularization and cellularization of organs have emerged as disruptive methods in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Porous hydrogel scaffolds have widespread applications in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and drug discovery as viable tissue mimics. However, the existing hydrogel fabrication techniques suffer from limited control over pore interconnectivity, density and size, which leads to inefficient nutrient and oxygen transport to cells embedded in the scaffolds. Here, we demonstrated an innovative approach to develop a new platform for tissue engineered constructs using live bacteria as sacrificial porogens. E.coli were patterned and cultured in an interconnected three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel network. The growing bacteria created interconnected micropores and microchannels. Then, the scafold was decellularized, and bacteria were eliminated from the scaffold through lysing and washing steps. This 3D porous network method combined with bioprinting has the potential to be broadly applicable and compatible with tissue specific applications allowing seeding of stem cells and other cell types

Improved retinal fundus image quality with hybrid image filter and enhanced contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization

Retinal fundus image preprocessing has contributed extensively to medical image analysis and retrieval of appropriate images. The acquired retinal images are usually messy and come from different sources. They need to be standardized and cleaned up. Retinal image preprocessing enables the improvement of retinal image quality and enhances the image features that are required for processing. The success of the retinal image diagnosis for early prediction of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) depends on the reliability of preprocessing. The automatic preprocessing of color retinal fundus images without affecting the image quality is still challenging.  Retinal images often have issues such as low contrast intensity, uneven light intensity, blurring, noise disturbances, sensor system that lack of focus, low contrast, irregular shapes with high variability, object movement, ill-defined boundaries, heterogeneous pixel intensities and the annotation of medical images to support diagnosis. In this work, issues such as noisy/ill in defined boundaries, uneven light intensity, low contrast, and blurring of images in the retinal fundus images are addressed with the proposed method. The results of the proposed method are reliable, contrast enhanced, edge preserved preprocessed images for given color input images

CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIMICROBIAL, AND METABOLIC ACTIVITY OF GREEN AND CHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZED ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

Objectives: The aim of the present study is a synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) by green and chemical method. The nanoparticles were tested for their antimicrobial, antibiofilm activity, biocompatibility, and hemolysis activity. Methods: We have synthesized ZnONPs both by green and chemical synthesis using the coprecipitation method. To understand the functional group, absorbance, crystalline nature, size, and shape of the synthesized particles, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were done. Antibacterial activity was carried out using different bacterial strains. The cytotoxicity of synthesized nanoparticles was checked using MTT assay with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiofilm activities of both synthesized nanoparticles were done using Staphylococcus aureus and to assess the toxicity of nanoparticles at the cellular level, hemolysis assay was performed. Results: The yield of nanoparticles in green synthesis was much higher when compared to chemical synthesis. Spectral results showed that the synthesized nanoparticles were ZnONPs. Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and hemolysis assay showed that green nanoparticles were more potent than chemical nanoparticles. Conclusion: Hence, green synthesis provides an advantage over chemical synthesis as it is cost effective, environmentally friendly, and easily scaled up for large-scale synthesis

Study on clinical evaluation and management of ectopic pregnancy

Background: After an ectopic pregnancy has been confirmed, treatment options include medical, surgical, or expectant management. For patients who are medically unstable or experiencing life-threatening haemorrhage, a surgical approach is indicated. Aims: To study the clinical presentation, risk factors and treatment modalities of ectopic pregnancy. Materials and methods: This prospective open labelled study carried out among patients attending to Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in which 50 cases of diagnosed ectopic pregnancies were analysed over a period of 1 1⁄2 year. Results: Ectopic pregnancies are most common in women between the ages of 26 -30. Multiparous women have the highest rate of ectopic pregnancies. H/o tubal procedures (tubal ligation) have the highest prevalence. The majority of patients are with a missing period, lower abdomen pain, and vaginal bleeding. In this study, the ampullary component was the most common site of tubal ectopic in 54 percent of cases, the isthmic part in 38 percent, and the fimbrial region was implicated in 8%. In two cases, medical therapy with a single dose regimen failed, whereas in three cases, medical treatment with a multidose regimen failed. Laparotomy is commonly done because most of the patients come in acute condition.&nbsp

Uniqueness and Stability Results on Non-local Stochastic Random Impulsive Integro-Differential Equations

The paper is concerned with stochastic random impulsive integro-differential equations with non-local conditions. The sufficient conditions guarantees uniqueness of mild solution derived using Banach fixed point theorem. Stability of the solution is derived by incorporating Banach fixed point theorem with certain inequality techniques